FREE CMSRN Medical-Surgical Nursing MCQ Questions and Answers Flashcards
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Read the first 6 FREE CMSRN Medical-Surgical Nursing MCQ Questions and Answers flashcards as text
A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
Answer: Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate as ordered
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate binds potassium in the GI tract and promotes its excretion, which is the priority intervention for hyperkalemia.
A nurse is caring for a patient 12 hours after a total hip arthroplasty. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
Answer: Inability to dorsiflex the affected foot
Inability to dorsiflex the foot may indicate peroneal nerve damage or neurovascular compromise, requiring immediate evaluation.
Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor most closely in a patient receiving vancomycin therapy?
Answer: Serum creatinine and trough levels
Vancomycin is nephrotoxic, so monitoring serum creatinine and trough drug levels is essential to prevent kidney damage.
A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide 40 mg IV push. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse anticipate?
Answer: Hypokalemia
Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes significant potassium loss in the urine, leading to hypokalemia.
A patient with type 2 diabetes is admitted with a blood glucose of 680 mg/dL, serum osmolality of 340 mOsm/kg, and no ketones in the urine. Which condition does the nurse suspect?
Answer: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
Extremely elevated glucose with high serum osmolality and absent ketones is characteristic of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state.
A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion. Which action is essential before starting the infusion?
Answer: Verify patient identity and blood product with two licensed nurses at the bedside
Two licensed nurses must verify patient identification and blood product compatibility at the bedside to prevent transfusion reactions.