CLT Lymphedema Pathology & Staging 2

Question 1

Which tissue change in chronic lymphedema results from macrophage activity digesting accumulated proteins?

Accepted Answer

Fibrosis from chronic inflammatory response and protein degradation

Answer

Acanthosis

Answer

Papillomatosis

Answer

Hyperkeratosis

Question 2

The Stemmer sign is a clinical test for lymphedema that involves what assessment?

Accepted Answer

Attempting to pinch and lift a fold of skin at the base of the second toe (or finger)

Answer

Measuring circumference of the affected limb

Answer

Palpating for pitting along the shin

Answer

Assessing range of motion of the affected joint

Question 3

Cancer-related secondary lymphedema most commonly occurs after treatment for which cancer in the US?

Accepted Answer

Breast cancer

Answer

Lung cancer

Answer

Colorectal cancer

Answer

Prostate cancer

Question 4

What is the estimated lifetime risk of lymphedema for breast cancer survivors who undergo axillary lymph node dissection (ALND)?

Accepted Answer

20–40%

Answer

Less than 5%

Answer

5–10%

Answer

Over 70%

Question 5

Lipedema differs from lymphedema in that lipedema involves what primary tissue change?

Accepted Answer

Symmetrical, painful pathological fat deposition, predominantly in women

Answer

Accumulation of protein-rich lymph fluid

Answer

Fibrosis secondary to inflammation

Answer

Pitting from venous insufficiency

Question 6

Which condition, when coexisting with lymphedema, is called 'lipolymphedema'?

Accepted Answer

Lipedema that has progressed to involve secondary lymphatic dysfunction

Answer

Obesity alone

Answer

Venous insufficiency with lymphedema

Answer

Diabetes with edema