Practice Test Geeks(CLT) Clinical Laboratory Technologist Certification Practice Test
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CLT Hematology & Blood Analysis Flashcards

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  1. Which condition is characterized by the presence of Howell-Jolly bodies on a peripheral blood smear?

    Answer: Sickle cell disease or post-splenectomy

    Howell-Jolly bodies are nuclear remnants in RBCs normally removed by the spleen; their presence indicates asplenia or splenic dysfunction.

  2. What is the principle behind the automated cell counter's impedance method for counting blood cells?

    Answer: Cells disrupt electrical current as they pass through an aperture

    In the impedance (Coulter) method, cells passing through a small aperture disrupt an electrical current, and the magnitude of the change correlates with cell size and count.

  3. A patient presents with a prolonged aPTT but a normal PT. Which coagulation factor deficiency is most consistent with this result?

    Answer: Factor VIII (Hemophilia A)

    Factor VIII deficiency (Hemophilia A) prolongs the aPTT, which tests the intrinsic pathway, while the PT (extrinsic pathway) remains normal.

  4. Hypersegmented neutrophils (>5 lobes) on a blood smear are a classic finding in which type of anemia?

    Answer: Megaloblastic anemia (B12 or folate deficiency)

    Hypersegmented neutrophils are characteristic of megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, which impairs DNA synthesis.

  5. Which parameter in a CBC directly reflects the variation in red blood cell size?

    Answer: RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width)

    RDW measures the degree of anisocytosis (variation in RBC size); an elevated RDW suggests a heterogeneous population of red cells.

  6. During a manual differential count, a technologist observes large cells with prominent nucleoli and scant cytoplasm. These are most consistent with which cells?

    Answer: Blasts (immature cells)

    Blasts are immature hematopoietic cells characterized by large size, high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli, and fine chromatin; their presence may indicate leukemia.