Chronic Disease Prevention & Lifestyle Management Flashcards
7 cards from real CHC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Chronic Disease Prevention & Lifestyle Management flashcards as text
A client with prediabetes asks about the most effective lifestyle change to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes. What should a health coach prioritize?
Answer: Achieving 5–7% body weight loss through diet and exercise
The Diabetes Prevention Program showed that modest weight loss of 5–7% combined with 150 minutes of weekly activity reduces T2D risk by ~58%.
Which behavioral change technique is MOST effective when a client consistently fails to meet their physical activity goals?
Answer: Use motivational interviewing to explore ambivalence
Motivational interviewing helps uncover intrinsic motivation and resolve ambivalence, which underlies sustained behavior change.
A sedentary client with hypertension wants to start exercising. Which approach best reflects FITT principle application for this population?
Answer: Moderate-intensity aerobic activity 30 min/day, 5 days/week, building gradually
Current guidelines for hypertension recommend moderate-intensity aerobic exercise most days of the week, progressing gradually from a sedentary baseline.
Which dietary pattern has the strongest evidence for reducing cardiovascular disease risk?
Answer: Mediterranean diet
The Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, vegetables, legumes, and fish, has the strongest evidence base for CVD risk reduction across multiple large trials.
A health coach is working with a client to reduce sodium intake. Which food category contributes the largest proportion of sodium in the typical American diet?
Answer: Processed and packaged foods
Roughly 70% of dietary sodium in the US comes from processed and packaged foods, not salt added at the table.
When coaching a client with obesity on sleep hygiene, which explanation correctly links sleep deprivation to chronic disease risk?
Answer: Sleep deprivation increases ghrelin, raising hunger and promoting weight gain
Sleep deprivation suppresses leptin (satiety hormone) and elevates ghrelin (hunger hormone), increasing appetite and contributing to obesity and metabolic syndrome.
A client smokes 1 pack per day and has COPD. They express readiness to quit. Which evidence-based cessation approach should a health coach recommend?
Answer: Combination of behavioral counseling plus FDA-approved pharmacotherapy
Combining behavioral counseling with approved pharmacotherapy (NRT, varenicline, or bupropion) is consistently the most effective evidence-based cessation strategy.