Foundational Concepts & Principles Flashcards

In forensic photography, what is the primary purpose of establishing a photographic log at a crime scene?

Answer: To document the sequence, settings, and subjects of each photograph taken

A photographic log establishes a chain of custody for images by recording the sequence, camera settings, and subjects of every photograph taken at the scene.

Which photographic approach best demonstrates the relationship between a piece of evidence and its surrounding environment?

Answer: Mid-range or relationship photography

Mid-range (relationship) photography shows the spatial relationship between an item of evidence and its immediate surroundings, providing critical context.

When photographing a crime scene at night or in low-light conditions, which technique is most appropriate for illuminating a large area while maintaining image quality?

Answer: Painting with light using a handheld flashlight during a long exposure

Painting with light involves moving a handheld light source during a long exposure to evenly illuminate large dark scenes without overexposure.

What does the term 'chain of custody' mean in the context of forensic photography?

Answer: The documented, unbroken record of who has handled evidence or images from collection through court presentation

Chain of custody is the unbroken, documented record tracking possession and control of evidence or images to ensure their integrity for court.

A forensic photographer discovers that a key piece of evidence has been accidentally moved before being photographed. What is the best course of action?

Answer: Document the current position, note the disturbance in the log, and photograph it in its present location

Integrity requires documenting the actual current state of the scene, noting any known disturbances in the log to maintain an accurate and truthful record.

Which type of scale marker is most appropriate when photographing a bloodstain pattern to allow accurate size determination?

Answer: An ABFO No. 2 scale or L-shaped ruler placed parallel to the pattern in the same plane

An ABFO No. 2 or L-shaped scale placed in the same focal plane as the evidence allows accurate measurement and is the accepted forensic standard.

In the three-tier systematic approach to crime scene photography, what is the correct sequence?

Answer: Overall, mid-range, close-up

The systematic approach begins with overall (wide-angle) shots to orient the viewer, then mid-range relationship shots, and finally close-up detail shots of specific evidence.