Digital Electronics and Systems Flashcards

Which type of ADC offers the fastest conversion speed?

Answer: Flash (parallel)

A flash ADC uses a bank of 2^n–1 comparators to convert all bits simultaneously in a single step, making it the fastest architecture.

What is the resolution of an 8-bit DAC with a full-scale output of 5 V?

Answer: 19.53 mV

Resolution = Vfs / (2^n) = 5 V / 256 ≈ 19.53 mV per LSB step.

In a synchronous counter, what is the main advantage over a ripple (asynchronous) counter?

Answer: All flip-flops clock simultaneously, eliminating ripple delays

Synchronous counters clock all flip-flops at the same time, so there is no cumulative propagation delay that causes counting glitches.

A Karnaugh map is primarily used to:

Answer: Minimize Boolean expressions

A Karnaugh map (K-map) is a graphical method for simplifying Boolean algebra expressions to minimize gate count.

Which number system uses 16 as its base and employs the digits 0–9 and letters A–F?

Answer: Hexadecimal

Hexadecimal (base-16) uses 0–9 and A–F to represent values 0–15, commonly used to express binary data compactly.

What is the output of a D flip-flop on the rising clock edge when D=0 and the current output Q=1?

Answer: Q goes to 0

A D flip-flop copies the D input to Q on the active clock edge, so D=0 forces Q to 0 regardless of the previous state.

In digital communication, what does the term 'baud rate' specifically refer to?

Answer: Number of signal state changes per second

Baud rate is the number of symbol (signal state) changes per second, which equals bit rate only when each symbol represents one bit.