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Anatomy, Physiology & Medical Terminology Flashcards

7 cards from real CET practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the name of the fold of peritoneum that attaches the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall?

    Answer: Mesentery

    The mesentery is a double fold of peritoneum that anchors the jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall and carries their blood supply.

  2. The suffix '-ectomy' in medical terminology means:

    Answer: Surgical removal of

    The suffix '-ectomy' denotes surgical removal or excision, as in appendectomy (removal of the appendix) or polypectomy (removal of a polyp).

  3. Which vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the majority of the small intestine?

    Answer: Superior mesenteric artery

    The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) supplies the small intestine from the duodenum to the mid-transverse colon.

  4. Hematemesis is defined as:

    Answer: Vomiting of blood

    Hematemesis means vomiting blood; 'hema' means blood and 'emesis' means vomiting.

  5. What are the haustra in the colon?

    Answer: Sacculations or pouches created by contraction of taeniae coli

    Haustra are the saccular pouches of the colon formed by the contraction of the taeniae coli, giving the colon its segmented appearance.

  6. The term 'gastroenterology' combines roots referring to which organs?

    Answer: Stomach and intestines

    Gastroenterology combines 'gastro' (stomach) and 'entero' (intestines), referring to the specialty covering the digestive tract.

  7. In the GI tract, where does the majority of water absorption occur?

    Answer: Small intestine

    The small intestine absorbs approximately 7–8 liters of water daily, far more than the large intestine's 1–2 liters.