CET Cardiac Pathology & Disease Recognition Flashcards
6 cards from real CET practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CET Cardiac Pathology & Disease Recognition flashcards as text
Which echocardiographic finding is most characteristic of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)?
Answer: Systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve
SAM of the mitral valve is the hallmark echocardiographic finding of HOCM, causing dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
On echocardiography, which pattern of ventricular filling is most consistent with constrictive pericarditis?
Answer: Respiratory variation in mitral inflow velocities >25%
Constrictive pericarditis characteristically shows >25% respiratory variation in mitral inflow E velocity due to ventricular interdependence.
Which echocardiographic feature best distinguishes cardiac tamponade from constrictive pericarditis?
Answer: Right ventricular diastolic collapse in tamponade
Right ventricular diastolic collapse (free wall) is a sensitive echocardiographic sign specific to cardiac tamponade physiology.
A patient with rheumatic heart disease most commonly shows which mitral valve echocardiographic pattern?
Answer: Thickened leaflets with diastolic doming and commissural fusion
Rheumatic mitral stenosis classically shows thickened, immobile leaflets with a hockey-stick doming pattern and commissural fusion on 2D echo.
Which echocardiographic finding is pathognomonic for Ebstein's anomaly?
Answer: Apical displacement of the tricuspid valve >8mm/m² BSA
Apical displacement of the septal tricuspid leaflet insertion >8mm/m² BSA is the defining echocardiographic criterion for Ebstein's anomaly.
In a patient with Marfan syndrome, which echocardiographic measurement is most critical for surgical planning?
Answer: Aortic root diameter at the sinuses of Valsalva
Aortic root diameter at the sinuses of Valsalva is the key measurement guiding surgical intervention in Marfan syndrome, with >4.5cm typically indicating surgery.