Risk Assessment & Mitigation Flashcards
7 cards from real CES practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Risk Assessment & Mitigation flashcards as text
A trustee holds concentrated stock representing 80% of a trust portfolio. Which fiduciary duty is most at risk if no action is taken?
Answer: Duty of prudent diversification
The Uniform Prudent Investor Act imposes a duty to diversify unless special circumstances justify retention of concentrated positions.
Which type of trust provision most directly mitigates the risk of a beneficiary losing assets in a divorce settlement?
Answer: Spendthrift clause
A spendthrift clause prevents beneficiaries from assigning their interests and blocks creditors, including divorcing spouses, from reaching trust assets.
An estate plan relies heavily on a single life insurance policy to fund an estate tax obligation. What is the primary concentration risk here?
Answer: Premium lapse risk
Premium lapse risk is primary because if premiums go unpaid the policy terminates, eliminating the liquidity intended to cover estate taxes.
A 90-year-old client has a revocable living trust but no durable power of attorney. Which risk does this create?
Answer: A guardian may need court appointment to manage non-trust assets
Assets outside the trust require a durable power of attorney or court-appointed guardian for management during incapacity.
Which risk mitigation strategy is most appropriate when a closely held business represents 70% of an estate's value?
Answer: IRC Section 6166 installment payment election
IRC §6166 allows estate taxes attributable to a closely held business to be paid in installments over up to 14 years, preventing forced liquidation.
A grantor retained annuity trust (GRAT) fails to achieve its transfer tax savings goal primarily when:
Answer: The trust assets underperform the IRC §7520 hurdle rate
A GRAT produces no gift tax savings if asset growth does not exceed the §7520 rate, leaving nothing in the remainder for beneficiaries.
When assessing longevity risk for a surviving spouse, which planning tool most directly addresses the risk of outliving assets?
Answer: Qualified longevity annuity contract (QLAC)
A QLAC allows deferral of RMDs and provides guaranteed income beginning at a late age, directly insuring against outliving retirement assets.