Certified Six Sigma Black Belt Trivia 1 Flashcards
6 cards from real Certified Six Sigma Black Belt Exam practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
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What is the term for the ratio of the specification width to the process spread, used to measure process capability?
Answer: Cp Index
The Cp index (process capability index) measures the ratio of the specification width (USL - LSL) to the process spread (6σ), indicating how well a process fits within its specification limits without regard to centering.
In a control chart, what does the term 'common cause variation' describe?
Answer: Variation inherent to the process operating normally
Common cause variation (also called natural or random variation) is the inherent, predictable variation present in any stable process. It is distinguished from special cause variation, which arises from assignable, non-routine sources.
Which Six Sigma metric accounts for the cumulative probability that all process steps produce defect-free output?
Answer: Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)
Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY) is calculated by multiplying the first-pass yield of each process step together. It reveals the true probability that a unit passes through all steps without any defects or rework.
In hypothesis testing, what is the consequence of committing a Type II error?
Answer: Failing to detect a real effect that exists
A Type II error (beta error) occurs when the null hypothesis is not rejected even though it is actually false — meaning a real effect or difference goes undetected. This is distinct from a Type I error, which is incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis.
What is the primary objective of a Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility (Gauge R&R) study?
Answer: To quantify the amount of variation contributed by the measurement system
A Gauge R&R study evaluates how much of the total observed variation is attributable to the measurement system itself (repeatability = same operator, same gauge; reproducibility = different operators). This ensures the measurement system is adequate before analyzing process data.
In the DMAIC framework, during which phase would a Black Belt typically apply Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts to sustain improvements?
Answer: Control
SPC charts are implemented in the Control phase to monitor the improved process over time, detect shifts or trends, and ensure gains achieved during the Improve phase are maintained. The Control phase locks in improvements through monitoring plans and standardized procedures.