Certified Six Sigma Black Belt Basic 1 Flashcards
6 cards from real Certified Six Sigma Black Belt Exam practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
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Which tool is used to prioritize potential causes of a problem by separating the 'vital few' from the 'trivial many'?
Answer: Pareto chart
A Pareto chart applies the 80/20 rule to rank causes by frequency or impact, allowing teams to focus improvement efforts on the few causes responsible for most of the problem.
In the DMAIC methodology, during which phase would a team establish baseline process performance metrics?
Answer: Measure
The Measure phase is dedicated to collecting data and establishing the current baseline performance of the process before any improvements are made, providing a foundation for comparison.
What does a p-value less than 0.05 indicate in hypothesis testing?
Answer: The result is statistically significant and the null hypothesis is rejected
A p-value below the significance level (typically 0.05) means the probability of observing the results by chance is very low, providing sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
Which type of variation in a control chart is caused by identifiable, non-random sources such as equipment failure or operator error?
Answer: Special cause variation
Special cause variation (also called assignable cause variation) stems from specific, identifiable factors outside the normal process and is indicated by points beyond control limits or non-random patterns.
What is the primary purpose of a Measurement System Analysis (MSA) in Six Sigma?
Answer: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of the measurement system itself
MSA (commonly conducted as a Gauge R&R study) assesses whether the measurement system introduces unacceptable variation, ensuring that data collected actually reflects true process performance rather than measurement error.
In Six Sigma, what does the term 'sigma level' of a process primarily describe?
Answer: How many standard deviations fit between the process mean and the nearest specification limit
The sigma level measures process capability by indicating how many standard deviations fit between the mean and the closest specification limit; a higher sigma level means fewer defects and better performance.