Mixed Deck — All CSP Topics Flashcards

Which leading indicator in safety management provides the most predictive value for future injury rates?

Answer: Near-miss reporting rate

Near-miss reporting rate is a leading indicator because it measures precursor events before injuries occur, enabling proactive hazard correction.

Which ergonomic intervention is most appropriate when the weight of parts in an assembly task exceeds safe manual handling limits?

Answer: Installation of mechanical assists such as balancers, hoists, or lift tables

Engineering controls such as mechanical assists eliminate or reduce the manual handling load, addressing the root cause rather than relying on administrative or PPE controls.

What type of sprinkler head activates only in the zone where heat is detected, minimizing water damage?

Answer: Wet pipe system sprinkler

In a wet pipe system, each sprinkler head operates independently when its fusible element melts, activating only the heads in the fire zone.

What is 'neutral posture' in ergonomics?

Answer: The body position that places minimum stress on joints, muscles, and tendons

Neutral posture keeps joints in their mid-range positions, minimizing musculoskeletal stress and reducing the risk of injury during prolonged or repetitive work.

Which cognitive human factors concept explains why workers make errors even when they know the correct procedure?

Answer: Skill-based behavior slips and lapses

Reason's GEMS model identifies slips and lapses as automatic, skill-based errors where the correct intention exists but execution fails due to distraction or habit.

What is the OSHA requirement for employers with 10 or fewer employees regarding OSHA 300 log recordkeeping?

Answer: They are generally exempt from routine OSHA 300 log maintenance unless in high-hazard industries

OSHA generally exempts employers with 10 or fewer employees from routine injury and illness recordkeeping requirements (with exceptions for specific high-hazard industries).

During a root cause analysis using the '5 Whys' technique, what is the primary goal?

Answer: Identify the deepest systemic cause of an incident

The 5 Whys technique iteratively asks 'why' to move past symptoms and direct causes to uncover the underlying systemic root cause of an incident.

The 'hierarchy of controls' lists controls in order from most to least preferred. Which control is ranked FIRST?

Answer: Elimination

Elimination — physically removing the hazard — is the most effective control and sits at the top of the hierarchy.

In the context of hazardous materials emergency response, what does BLEVE stand for?

Answer: Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion

A BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) occurs when a vessel containing pressurized liquid fails, rapidly releasing and igniting expanding vapor.

Health and safety officer Melvin is observing a construction worker for symptoms of heat exhaustion. The humidity is high, and the temperature is in the high 90s. He ensures that the team is getting enough rest and fluids. Melvin knows that heat stress can result in life-threatening conditions if the body cannot control its temperature. What is the name of this consequence of heat stress? Health and safety officer Melvin is observing a construction worker for symptoms of heat exhaustion. The humidity is high, and the temperature is in the high 90s. He ensures that the team is getting enough rest and fluids. Melvin knows that heat stress can result in life-threatening conditions if the body cannot control its temperature. What is the name of this consequence of heat stress?

Answer: Heat stroke

Explanation: Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition that can result from heat stress. When the body is unable to regulate its temperature, it can lead to a rapid rise in body temperature, which can cause damage to the brain and other vital organs. Symptoms of heat stroke can include a high body temperature, altered mental state or behavior, nausea and vomiting, headache, dizziness, rapid heartbeat, and rapid breathing. Prompt medical attention is necessary for anyone suspected of having a heat stroke.

In a fault tree analysis (FTA), an AND gate indicates that:

Answer: All input events must occur simultaneously for the output event to occur

An AND gate in a fault tree requires ALL input events to occur for the output (top) event to occur, indicating redundant safeguards must all fail simultaneously.

What is the recommended maximum sustained force for a pushing or pulling task to stay within acceptable ergonomic limits for most workers?

Answer: 50 lbs initial/35 lbs sustained

NIOSH guidelines suggest push/pull initial forces up to 50 lbs and sustained forces up to 35 lbs for most workers performing occasional material handling tasks.

Under OSHA's Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134), an Assigned Protection Factor (APF) of 10 means the respirator:

Answer: Is approved for use up to 10 times the PEL

An APF of 10 means the respirator is expected to reduce workplace concentration by a factor of 10, so it can be used when exposures are up to 10× the OEL.

Under OSHA 29 CFR 1910.38, which document must employers maintain that outlines procedures for emergencies including fire, severe weather, and hazardous material releases?

Answer: Emergency Action Plan (EAP)

OSHA 1910.38 requires employers to have a written Emergency Action Plan covering evacuation procedures, alarm systems, and employee roles.

Which type of vibration is associated with Raynaud's phenomenon (vibration white finger) in workers?

Answer: Hand-arm vibration (HAV)

Hand-arm vibration from power tools causes vibration-induced white finger (VWF) by damaging peripheral blood vessels and nerves in the hands.

What does a Tier II report under EPCRA Section 312 require facilities to disclose?

Answer: Inventory of hazardous chemicals stored on-site above threshold quantities

Tier II reports require facilities to provide annual chemical inventory information (name, quantity, location, hazard type) to state/local agencies when threshold quantities are met.

Under 29 CFR 1910.119 (Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous Chemicals), what is the primary purpose of a Process Hazard Analysis (PHA)?

Answer: To identify, evaluate, and control hazards involved in the process

A PHA systematically identifies and evaluates hazards associated with highly hazardous chemical processes and provides recommendations to control those hazards.

Under OSHA's Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134), what is required BEFORE an employee is fit-tested for a tight-fitting respirator?

Answer: Medical evaluation to determine the employee's ability to use the respirator

OSHA 1910.134 requires a medical evaluation (typically via OSHA's medical questionnaire) before fit testing or use of a tight-fitting respirator to ensure the worker can safely wear it.

According to OSHA's Excavation Standard (29 CFR 1926 Subpart P), a competent person must inspect excavations:

Answer: Before each work shift and after any event that could affect stability

OSHA requires a competent person to inspect excavations before each shift and following any rain, earthquake, or other event that could increase hazard potential.

When calculating noise dose for a worker exposed to multiple noise levels, which regulation specifies the 5-dB exchange rate used by OSHA?

Answer: 29 CFR 1910.95 uses a 5-dB exchange rate, while NIOSH recommends 3-dB

OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.95 uses a 5-dB exchange rate (doubling dose for every 5-dB increase), while NIOSH recommends a more protective 3-dB exchange rate based on equal energy principles.