(Organizational Communication) Flashcards

Cooperative and a little bit forceful. answering neither's questions. For instance, delaying, removing oneself from a situation discreetly, and leaving a dangerous one.

Answer: Avoiding (Thomas/Kilmann)

The description of being 'cooperative and a little bit forceful,' 'answering neither's questions,' and examples like 'delaying, removing oneself from a situation discreetly, and leaving a dangerous one' perfectly characterize the Avoiding style in the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument. This style involves sidestepping or withdrawing from a conflict rather than directly addressing it.

Humans have two sets of needs - as an animal, to avoid pain and as a human, to grow psychologically.

Answer: Frederick Herzberg's Hygiene Theory

Frederick Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, also known as the Motivation-Hygiene Theory, posits that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction stem from different sets of factors. Hygiene factors address the 'animal' need to avoid pain (e.g., salary, working conditions), while motivators address the 'human' need for psychological growth (e.g., achievement, recognition). This theory directly aligns with the described dual sets of human needs.

How a message is transmitted. voicemail, text messages, emails, and in-person interactions.

Answer: Communication channels

Communication channels refer to the various mediums or pathways through which a message is transmitted from a sender to a receiver. The examples provided—voicemail, text messages, emails, and in-person interactions—are all distinct methods or channels used to convey information. These channels dictate how a message is delivered and experienced by the recipient.

Self-managed or self-directed teams.

Answer: Teams with no direct supervision

Self-managed or self-directed teams are groups of employees who are empowered to take collective responsibility for a complete work process or segment. This autonomy means they operate with minimal or no direct supervision, making decisions about how tasks are performed and managing their own work schedules and processes. They are essentially 'Teams with no direct supervision'.

Real-time presentation with audiences across the country. Uses audio and PowerPoint presentations, and you can talk to your audience and answer their questions.

Answer: Webinar

A webinar is an online seminar or presentation conducted over the internet, allowing participants from diverse geographical locations to attend remotely. It typically incorporates audio, visual aids like PowerPoint presentations, and interactive features such as live Q&A sessions, enabling real-time engagement with an audience across the country, precisely matching the description.

How you convey your message through your body language, voice tone, inflection, and facial expressions. A crucial interpersonal communication skill is the capacity to listen.

Answer: Interpersonal Communication

Interpersonal communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, and feelings between two or more people. It encompasses both verbal and nonverbal cues, including body language, voice tone, inflection, and facial expressions, as well as crucial listening skills. These elements collectively define how individuals interact and convey messages to each other.

Team begins to learn how to collaborate. Members respect one another and look to each other for advice.

Answer: Norming

The Norming stage is the third phase in Tuckman's stages of group development. During this stage, team members resolve conflicts, develop a sense of cohesion, and establish norms for behavior and interaction. They begin to collaborate effectively, showing mutual respect and looking to each other for advice, signifying a period of stability and cooperation.

Tendency to look to the team to define the reality of a situation. Mostly good except if the team is being driven by a biased search for information.

Answer: Need to be right

The 'need to be right' describes the human tendency to seek validation for one's beliefs or the team's collective understanding of a situation. While often driving a search for truth, this need can become problematic if the team's pursuit of correctness is biased, leading to confirmation bias or groupthink rather than objective assessment of reality.

Earliest style of leadership. examines a one-way process rather than a relationship and merely the individual. Leaders are exceptional people who stand out from the general population in significant ways.

Answer: Trait Approach to Leadership

The Trait Approach to Leadership is one of the earliest leadership theories, focusing on identifying inherent qualities or characteristics (traits) that distinguish leaders. It views leadership as a one-way process where exceptional individuals possess specific traits that make them natural leaders, rather than emphasizing relationships or situational factors, aligning with the description of an individual-centric, early leadership style.

Messages that the management has sent to the staff. Clear goals, information sharing, education, and guidance are all essential.

Answer: Downward Communications

Downward communication refers to the flow of information from higher levels of an organization to lower levels, typically from management to employees. Its purpose is to provide instructions, convey policies, share organizational goals, and offer guidance. This aligns perfectly with the description of messages sent by management to staff, providing clear goals, information, education, and guidance.

Project is completed. Both failures and successes are examined and assessed. If members got along well, they might keep in touch.

Answer: Adjourning

The Adjourning stage is the final phase in Tuckman's stages of group development, occurring when a team completes its task and disbands. During this stage, the team reviews its achievements, reflects on its performance (both successes and failures), and members may experience a sense of closure or maintain social connections, as the project is completed and assessed.

Team members get to know each other and decide what they need to do. Leader must make sure everyone is clear about the team's goals.

Answer: Forming

The Forming stage is the initial phase of team development, where members first meet, begin to understand the team's purpose, and clarify roles and responsibilities. During this stage, the leader plays a crucial role in setting clear goals and guiding the team through the initial uncertainties as members get acquainted and decide what needs to be done.

Individuals are developing their knowledge base and need positive encouragement to become committed to the task. Low competence and low commitment from follower. Leader focuses on both achieving goals and emotional needs of team members. High supportive and high directive from leader.

Answer: Coaching (Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model)

The Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Model identifies "Coaching" as the appropriate style for followers with low competence but some commitment. This style involves high directive behavior to guide task completion and high supportive behavior to build confidence and motivation. The leader focuses on both achieving goals and addressing the emotional needs of the team members to foster development and commitment.

How you analyze a situation and use the information. Centers on self-awareness (how you see yourself), perception (an understand of the self and the world), and expectation (a guideline for future decisions).

Answer: Intrapersonal Communication

Intrapersonal communication refers to the internal dialogue and processes an individual engages in, such as thinking, analyzing, and reflecting. It centers on self-awareness, how one perceives themselves and the world, and the formation of expectations that guide future decisions. This internal analysis is fundamental to understanding and processing information before external communication occurs.

Comprised of people from different areas of expertise or various departments to achieve a common goal

Answer: Cross functional or multifunctional teams

Cross-functional or multifunctional teams are specifically designed to bring together individuals from various departments or with diverse areas of expertise. Their primary purpose is to collaborate on a common goal or project that benefits from a range of perspectives and skills. This structure allows for comprehensive problem-solving and innovation by integrating different organizational functions.

Found that workers interpreted the changes in lighting and the cleanliness of facility as a sign management cared. Provided some mental stimulation that was good for morale and productivity.

Answer: Experimenter Effect

The Experimenter Effect, often exemplified by the Hawthorne studies, describes how subjects' behavior changes simply because they are aware of being observed or are receiving special attention. In this scenario, the workers' improved morale and productivity were not solely due to the physical changes in their environment but rather their perception that management cared, which is a classic manifestation of this effect. It highlights the psychological impact of observation on performance.