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Pediatric Emergencies Flashcards

6 cards from real CEN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 Pediatric Emergencies flashcards as text

  1. A 4-year-old presents with sudden choking while eating peanuts, and now has unilateral decreased breath sounds and hyperresonance on the right. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Foreign body airway obstruction in the right mainstem bronchus

    Unilateral decreased breath sounds and hyperresonance after choking in a child is classic for a right-sided bronchial foreign body, as the right mainstem bronchus is more vertical.

  2. What is the Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) composed of?

    Answer: Appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin

    The PAT assesses three components—Appearance (tone, interactivity), Work of Breathing, and Circulation to skin—to rapidly determine if a child is stable or critically ill.

  3. A 14-month-old presents with a spiral femur fracture and bruising in multiple stages of healing. The history is inconsistent. What must be considered?

    Answer: Non-accidental trauma (child abuse)

    Spiral fractures in non-ambulatory infants, multiple bruises in different stages of healing, and inconsistent history are red flags for non-accidental trauma.

  4. Intussusception most commonly occurs at which anatomical location?

    Answer: Ileocecal valve (ileocolic)

    Ileocolic intussusception at the ileocecal valve is the most common type in children, often presenting with intermittent colicky pain and currant jelly stools.

  5. What is the appropriate initial fluid bolus for a child in septic shock?

    Answer: 20 mL/kg NS or LR IV over 5–10 minutes, reassess after each bolus

    PALS recommends 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid (NS or LR) IV over 5–10 minutes for pediatric septic shock, reassessing after each bolus for response and fluid overload.

  6. Which finding in a febrile infant under 30 days old warrants a full sepsis workup including lumbar puncture?

    Answer: Any temperature ≥38.0°C rectally

    Any rectal temperature ≥38.0°C in an infant under 30 days old warrants a full sepsis evaluation including CBC, blood culture, UA, urine culture, and lumbar puncture.