Linguistic Range and Control Flashcards

A C1 level learner, according to the CEFR, demonstrates 'Linguistic Range' by being able to do which of the following?

Answer: Express him/herself fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions, using language flexibly for social, academic and professional purposes.

The C1 level is characterized by the ability to use language flexibly and effectively for a wide range of purposes without strain. This includes fluent and spontaneous expression, which is a key descriptor for this level. The other options describe A1, B1, and C2 levels, respectively.

A user at the B2 level can produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects. What key aspect of 'Linguistic Control' elevates a C1 user's writing ability beyond this?

Answer: Showing controlled use of organisational patterns, connectors and cohesive devices to produce clear, well-structured text on complex subjects.

While a B2 user can write detailed texts, a C1 user demonstrates superior control over the structure of their writing. They can manage complex subjects by skillfully using organizational patterns, a variety of connectors, and cohesive devices to create a coherent and sophisticated text.

During a professional negotiation, a language learner is able to reformulate their ideas in different ways to emphasize a point, concede minor points without compromising their main argument, and use nuanced, persuasive language. Which CEFR level best describes this demonstration of 'Linguistic Range and Control'?

Answer: C1, as they can use language flexibly and effectively for professional purposes.

This scenario describes a high level of linguistic flexibility and strategic competence. The ability to use language effectively and persuasively in a demanding professional context like a negotiation is a hallmark of the C1 level. Lower levels would lack the range and control for such nuanced communication.

Which statement best defines 'Linguistic Range' within the CEFR framework?

Answer: The breadth and variety of vocabulary, functional language, and grammatical structures a learner can use.

'Linguistic Range' refers to the scope of language resources a user has at their disposal. This includes not just the number of words they know (vocabulary), but also their command of different grammatical forms and their ability to perform various language functions (e.g., advising, speculating, persuading).

A learner writes the following sentence in an essay: 'Although the initial data was appearing to be inconclusive, a more thorough analysis, however, revealed a significant trend.' This sentence demonstrates a weakness in which area of 'Linguistic Control'?

Answer: Cohesion and coherence

The use of both 'Although' and 'however' to express contrast is redundant and makes the sentence less coherent. This indicates a lack of full control over cohesive devices, which are used to link ideas logically within and between sentences. A C1 level user would typically avoid such errors.

Which of the following descriptions is a key indicator of a learner moving from B2 to C1 in terms of 'Linguistic Control'?

Answer: Demonstrating a consistently high degree of grammatical accuracy, with errors being non-systematic and rarely impeding communication.

The transition from B2 to C1 involves a significant improvement in accuracy and control. While a B2 user has good grammatical control, a C1 user's control is more consistent and their errors are rare and do not typically lead to misunderstanding. The other options describe skills typically mastered at the A2 and B1 levels.