CEFR - Common European Framework Written Cohesion and Coherence Flashcards
6 cards from real CEFR practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 CEFR - Common European Framework Written Cohesion and Coherence flashcards as text
At A2, how does CEFR describe written cohesion in learner texts?
Answer: Simple lists of points connected with basic words like "and" or "then"
A2 writing uses simple lists connected with very basic linking words.
What is "substitution" as a cohesive device in CEFR writing?
Answer: Replacing a word or phrase with a grammatical substitute to avoid repetition
Substitution replaces a word/phrase with a grammatical substitute (e.g., "one", "do so") to avoid repetition.
At B2, how does CEFR describe written coherence?
Answer: Can produce clear, detailed text showing controlled use of connectors and organizational patterns
B2 coherence involves clear, detailed text with controlled connectors and organizational patterns.
What is "ellipsis" in cohesion and how does CEFR treat it?
Answer: Omitting elements that can be recovered from context to avoid repetition
Ellipsis is the omission of words/phrases that can be recovered from context, creating cohesion through economy.
C2 written cohesion in CEFR is characterized by:
Answer: Seamless, sophisticated use of cohesion creating flowing, natural text indistinguishable from expert writing
C2 written cohesion is seamless and sophisticated - expert-level, natural text production.
What is the difference between "cohesion" and "coherence" in CEFR writing assessment?
Answer: Cohesion is about linguistic linking devices; coherence is about logical meaning and organization
Cohesion = linguistic surface links; coherence = logical meaning and organizational flow.