CEA Measurement & Verification (M&V) Protocols Flashcards
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Read the first 6 CEA Measurement & Verification (M&V) Protocols flashcards as text
What is the purpose of 'baseline adjustments' in M&V analysis?
Answer: To normalize baseline energy use for changes in conditions such as weather, occupancy, or production levels
Baseline adjustments normalize historical energy use for changes in conditions (weather, occupancy, production) so that savings reflect the efficiency measure alone.
In M&V, what are 'non-routine adjustments' (NRAs)?
Answer: One-time or infrequent changes to baseline conditions such as building additions or major occupancy changes
Non-routine adjustments account for significant, non-repetitive changes (e.g., adding a new wing or changing production levels) that affect the validity of the baseline.
A regression model in M&V Option C typically uses which independent variable to predict energy consumption in commercial buildings?
Answer: Heating and cooling degree days (HDD/CDD)
Heating and cooling degree days are the most common independent variable in weather-normalized regression models for commercial building energy use.
What does 'measurement boundary' define in an M&V plan?
Answer: The specific systems, meters, and parameters included within the scope of M&V measurement
The measurement boundary defines exactly which equipment, systems, and energy flows are included in the M&V scope, avoiding double-counting or omission.
Which IPMVP option uses a calibrated simulation model to determine energy savings?
Answer: Option D
Option D uses a calibrated computer simulation model, validated against measured data, to estimate savings when direct measurement of the entire facility or isolated systems isn't practical.
What is 'interactive effects' in M&V, and why must they be considered?
Answer: Energy impacts that one efficiency measure has on another system (e.g., lighting upgrades reducing cooling load)
Interactive effects occur when one efficiency measure affects another system's energy use, such as LED lighting reducing heat gain and therefore cooling energy demand.