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Database Management & Information Systems Flashcards

7 cards from real CCP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. Which database recovery technique maintains a log of all changes and uses it to redo or undo transactions after a failure?

    Answer: Write-ahead logging (WAL)

    WAL writes log records before the actual data pages are modified, enabling redo of committed and undo of uncommitted transactions after a crash.

  2. What is data warehousing primarily designed for?

    Answer: Analytical reporting and decision support

    A data warehouse consolidates historical data from multiple sources to support complex analytical queries and business intelligence.

  3. Which SQL aggregate function returns the number of rows that match a condition?

    Answer: COUNT()

    COUNT() returns the total number of rows (or non-null values of a column) that satisfy the query condition.

  4. In database terminology, what is 'cardinality' of a relationship?

    Answer: The numerical ratio of entities in a relationship (1:1, 1:N, M:N)

    Cardinality describes how many instances of one entity can relate to instances of another entity in a relationship.

  5. A decision support system (DSS) differs from a transaction processing system (TPS) primarily because a DSS:

    Answer: Supports unstructured or semi-structured managerial decisions

    A DSS is designed to help managers analyze data and make complex, often ad hoc decisions, unlike TPS which handles routine operational transactions.

  6. What SQL keyword prevents duplicate rows from appearing in a query result?

    Answer: DISTINCT

    SELECT DISTINCT eliminates duplicate rows from the result set, returning only unique combinations of the specified columns.

  7. Which type of database schema describes the logical structure of the entire database as seen by the DBMS?

    Answer: Conceptual schema

    The conceptual (or logical) schema defines the community view of the database—its tables, relationships, and constraints—independent of physical storage.