Managing Chronic and Infectious Diseases Flashcards
7 cards from real CCHP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Managing Chronic and Infectious Diseases flashcards as text
A correctional health provider is managing an inmate with COPD who smokes. Under which circumstance is prescribing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) most critical?
Answer: When the facility implements a tobacco-free policy and the inmate faces forced abstinence
Forced abstinence during tobacco-free policy implementation puts dependent smokers at risk for withdrawal, making NRT a medically indicated intervention.
What is the primary purpose of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment in correctional facilities?
Answer: To prevent progression from latent infection to active, contagious disease
LTBI treatment reduces the lifetime risk of reactivation to active TB disease by approximately 90% when completed.
An inmate on warfarin for atrial fibrillation is started on rifampin for LTBI treatment. What should the healthcare provider anticipate?
Answer: Rifampin strongly induces CYP450 enzymes, significantly decreasing warfarin effectiveness and requiring dose increase
Rifampin is a potent CYP450 inducer that markedly accelerates warfarin metabolism, requiring careful INR monitoring and likely warfarin dose increases.
During a scabies outbreak in a correctional housing unit, which management approach is most effective?
Answer: Treat all residents and staff in the affected unit simultaneously, regardless of symptoms
Mass treatment of the entire housing unit simultaneously prevents re-infection cycles, as untreated asymptomatic carriers perpetuate outbreaks.
Which chronic disease monitoring parameter is MOST important for an inmate with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) who is also taking metformin?
Answer: Regular eGFR monitoring, as metformin should be held when eGFR falls below 30 mL/min/1.73m²
Metformin is contraindicated when eGFR drops below 30 due to lactic acidosis risk, requiring regular kidney function monitoring in CKD patients.
A correctional nurse notes that an inmate with epilepsy has been missing sick call appointments for medication refills. What is the most important immediate action?
Answer: Proactively reach out to ensure medication continuity, as abrupt anticonvulsant cessation can precipitate status epilepticus
Abrupt discontinuation of anticonvulsants can cause life-threatening status epilepticus; proactive outreach to ensure medication continuity is essential.
Which infectious disease is correctional health staff MOST likely to encounter at higher rates than in the general community due to the demographics of incarcerated populations?
Answer: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection
Hepatitis C prevalence in incarcerated populations is estimated at 17–40%, vastly exceeding community rates, largely due to pre-incarceration injection drug use.