Career Development Theories & Models Flashcards

Which career development theory emphasizes the role of personality types in career selection?

Answer: Holland’s Career Typology Theory

Holland’s Career Typology Theory, also known as the RIASEC model, emphasizes the role of personality types in career selection. It proposes that individuals and work environments can be classified into six types, and people are most satisfied and successful in careers that match their personality. This theory is widely used in career counseling to help individuals identify suitable career paths based on their interests and traits.

Which theory focuses on career development across different life stages?

Answer: Super’s Life-Span, Life-Space Theory

Super’s Life-Span, Life-Space Theory focuses on career development as a continuous, lifelong process that unfolds across different life stages. It describes how individuals progress through stages like growth, exploration, establishment, maintenance, and disengagement, with career choices evolving as they mature and experience various life roles. This theory highlights the dynamic interplay between an individual's self-concept and their career path over time.

Which career development model highlights the impact of social influences and learning experiences?

Answer: Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory

Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory of Career Decision Making (SLTCDM) highlights the impact of social influences and learning experiences on career choices. It posits that career decisions are shaped by a complex interaction of genetic endowments, environmental conditions, learning experiences, and task approach skills. This theory emphasizes how individuals learn from their observations and interactions, which in turn influences their beliefs about themselves and the world of work.

What is a key principle of Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise?

Answer: Individuals eliminate career options due to social factors.

A key principle of Gottfredson’s Theory of Circumscription and Compromise is that individuals eliminate career options due to social factors. Circumscription involves narrowing down career choices based on perceived gender roles, prestige, and fit with one's self-concept, often at a young age. Compromise then occurs when individuals adjust their most preferred choices due to external realities, such as accessibility or effort required.

What does Social Cognitive Career Theory emphasize in career decision-making?

Answer: Career decisions are influenced by self-efficacy and support systems.

Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) emphasizes that career decisions are significantly influenced by an individual's self-efficacy and support systems. It suggests that people are more likely to pursue careers where they feel competent (high self-efficacy) and expect positive outcomes, while also considering perceived barriers and available support. SCCT highlights the dynamic interplay between personal attributes, environmental factors, and learning experiences in shaping career paths.

Which career counseling approach is based on matching individuals to careers through assessment tools?

Answer: Trait and Factor Theory

The Trait and Factor Theory is a career counseling approach based on matching individuals to careers through assessment tools. It focuses on identifying an individual's unique traits, such as interests, abilities, and values, and then aligning them with the requirements and characteristics of specific occupations. This approach uses standardized assessments to help individuals find career paths where they are most likely to succeed and be satisfied.