CBP Biometric Fusion and Multimodal Systems

Question 1

Which level of biometric fusion combines raw data or feature vectors from multiple sensors before matching occurs?

Accepted Answer

Feature-level fusion

Answer

Decision-level fusion

Answer

Score-level fusion

Answer

Rank-level fusion

Question 2

What is the primary advantage of using a multimodal biometric system over a unimodal system?

Accepted Answer

Improved accuracy and resistance to spoofing

Answer

Lower hardware cost

Answer

Reduced enrollment time

Answer

Simpler system architecture

Question 3

In decision-level fusion, the AND rule requires that:

Accepted Answer

All matchers accept the identity claim

Answer

At least one matcher accepts the identity claim

Answer

The highest matcher score exceeds a threshold

Answer

A weighted average of decisions is computed

Question 4

Which fusion strategy is typically most difficult to implement due to incompatible feature spaces across different biometric modalities?

Accepted Answer

Feature-level fusion

Answer

Score-level fusion

Answer

Rank-level fusion

Answer

Decision-level fusion

Question 5

Score normalization is most commonly applied before which type of fusion?

Accepted Answer

Score-level fusion

Answer

Feature-level fusion

Answer

Decision-level fusion

Answer

Rank-level fusion

Question 6

A biometric system uses fingerprint and face recognition independently and combines their binary accept/reject outputs. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Decision-level fusion

Answer

Score-level fusion

Answer

Feature-level fusion

Answer

Sensor-level fusion

Question 7

What is a 'chimeric' database in the context of multimodal biometric research?

Accepted Answer

A database created by virtually pairing samples from different unimodal databases

Answer

A database containing spoofed biometric samples

Answer

A database of biometric data from multiple countries

Answer

A database encrypted with multiple keys