Personal Care and ADLs Flashcards

When assisting a client with one-sided weakness from a stroke to get dressed, which of the following is the correct procedure?

Answer: Dress the weaker side first, then the stronger side.

When dressing a client with one-sided weakness, the clothing should be put on the weaker or affected side first. This method requires less movement and strain on the affected limb. When undressing, the clothing should be removed from the stronger side first.

A caregiver is preparing to give a bed-bound client a bath. Which action is most important for ensuring the client's safety and comfort?

Answer: Ensuring all supplies are within reach before starting.

Gathering all necessary supplies (towels, soap, clean clothes, etc.) before beginning the bath is a crucial first step. This prevents the caregiver from having to leave the client unattended, which could lead to falls or chilling, and ensures the process is smooth and efficient.

Which of the following is considered a basic Activity of Daily Living (ADL)?

Answer: Bathing and showering

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) are fundamental self-care tasks. The six basic ADLs are eating, bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring (mobility), and continence. Managing finances, shopping, and using a telephone are considered Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), which are more complex tasks necessary for independent living.

When providing oral care for a client who is unable to do it themselves, the caregiver should:

Answer: Position the client in a sitting or upright position.

To prevent aspiration and choking, the client should be in an upright or sitting position during oral care. A soft-bristled toothbrush should be used, the tongue should be gently brushed, and only a small amount of toothpaste is necessary.

Mr. Jones has dementia and often becomes agitated and resistant during bath time. Which strategy would be most effective for the caregiver to try?

Answer: Try a partial or sponge bath and maintain a calm, reassuring demeanor.

For individuals with dementia who find bathing distressing, a flexible and gentle approach is best. A sponge bath is a less invasive alternative. Maintaining a calm presence, explaining steps simply, and respecting their discomfort can reduce agitation and build trust.

When preparing to transfer a client from a bed to a wheelchair, what is the FIRST step a caregiver should take to ensure safety?

Answer: Position the wheelchair close to the bed and lock the brakes.

Before initiating any movement, the environment and equipment must be prepared for safety. Positioning the wheelchair correctly and locking the brakes prevents it from moving during the transfer, which is a critical first step to avoid falls and injuries.