Canadian-Citizenship Practice Test - Justice System 3 Flashcards
6 cards from real CANADIAN practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Canadian-Citizenship Practice Test - Justice System 3 flashcards as text
What is the principle of "innocent until proven guilty" in the Canadian justice system?
Answer: It means an accused person is presumed innocent and the Crown must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt
The presumption of innocence is a foundational principle. An accused person is considered innocent until the Crown proves guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. This is protected by Section 11(d) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
What does the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal do?
Answer: It investigates and resolves complaints of discrimination in federally regulated workplaces and services
The Canadian Human Rights Tribunal is an independent adjudicative body that hears complaints of discrimination under the Canadian Human Rights Act in federally regulated sectors, such as banks, airlines, and the federal public service.
What is a peace officer in Canada, and what powers do they have?
Answer: Peace officers include police officers, certain government officials, and others empowered by law to maintain public order; they can arrest, search, and use force within legal limits
Peace officers include police officers (RCMP, provincial police, municipal police), border services officers, firefighters, and others designated by law. They have authority to make arrests, conduct searches, and use reasonable force within legal constraints.
What is the role of juries in the Canadian justice system?
Answer: A jury of citizens hears evidence in serious criminal cases and decides whether the accused is guilty or not guilty; the judge determines the sentence
In Canada, accused persons charged with serious offences have the right to a jury trial. The jury — composed of citizens — determines guilt or innocence. The judge presides over the trial and imposes the sentence if the accused is found guilty.
Which law protects Canadians from unreasonable search and seizure by the government?
Answer: Section 8 of the Charter (right to be secure against unreasonable search and seizure)
Section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms states that "everyone has the right to be secure against unreasonable search or seizure." Police generally need a warrant based on reasonable grounds before searching a person's property.
What is the Youth Criminal Justice Act designed to accomplish?
Answer: To address the criminal behaviour of youth aged 12–17 through rehabilitation, accountability, and reintegration rather than purely punitive measures
The Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) governs the Canadian justice system's response to criminal offences by youth aged 12–17. It emphasizes rehabilitation and reintegration into society, recognizing that young people have diminished moral culpability compared to adults.