Orthography and Spelling Rules Flashcards
6 cards from real CALT practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Orthography and Spelling Rules flashcards as text
The y-to-i rule in spelling states that:
Answer: Change y to i before adding a suffix when y is preceded by a consonant, unless the suffix begins with i
When a base word ends in consonant plus y, change the y to i before adding a suffix unless the suffix starts with i to avoid awkward double-i combinations.
An open syllable in English is characterized by:
Answer: Ending in a vowel, with that vowel typically making the long sound
An open syllable ends in a vowel, leaving it open or unclosed, which allows the vowel to say its long sound as in go, she, and the first syllable in begin.
The ck spelling for the k sound is used:
Answer: Immediately after a short vowel within a syllable
The digraph ck is used to spell the k sound immediately after a short vowel within a syllable, as in back, deck, sick, lock, and duck.
In the word knot the letter k is silent. This is best explained by:
Answer: The etymological origin of the word in Old English and Germanic languages where the kn was pronounced
The silent k in kn words is a historical artifact from Old English and Germanic languages where the initial kn cluster was actually pronounced as two sounds.
When teaching the r-controlled vowel syllable type, a CALT explains that vowels followed by r are:
Answer: Modified by the r to produce a unique sound that is neither long nor short
R-controlled vowels are modified by the following r to produce unique sounds that are neither fully long nor short, and they are treated as a separate syllable type.
The suffix -tion as in station is most commonly pronounced:
Answer: As the shun sound
The suffix -tion is most commonly pronounced like shun, as in station, nation, action, and direction, which is a reliable pronunciation rule in structured spelling.