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Probability and Conditional Probability Flashcards

7 cards from real Bluebook SAT Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Probability and Conditional Probability flashcards as text

  1. A bag has 4 white and 6 black marbles. One marble is drawn and NOT replaced; then a second marble is drawn. What is the probability the second marble is white, given the first was also white?

    Answer: 1/3

    After removing one white, 3 white remain out of 9 total; P = 3/9 = 1/3.

  2. The two-way table shows 600 college students by major and internship status. Has Internship No Internship STEM 180 120 Non-STEM 80 220 What is the probability that a randomly chosen student is Non-STEM with no internship?

    Answer: 11/30

    220/600 = 11/30.

  3. A basketball player makes free throws with probability 0.8. She shoots twice. What is the probability she makes exactly one?

    Answer: 0.32

    P(make-then-miss) + P(miss-then-make) = 0.8(0.2) + 0.2(0.8) = 0.16 + 0.16 = 0.32.

  4. P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.4. If A and B are mutually exclusive, what is P(A or B)?

    Answer: 1.00

    Mutually exclusive: P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) = 0.6 + 0.4 = 1.00.

  5. A group of 5 friends randomly lines up. What is the probability that a specific person, Zara, is first in line?

    Answer: 1/5

    Each of the 5 positions is equally likely, so P(Zara first) = 1/5.

  6. A poll of 100 voters shows: 55 favor Candidate A and of those, 40 are over 40 years old. Of the 45 who don't favor Candidate A, 15 are over 40. What is the probability that a voter over 40 favors Candidate A?

    Answer: 8/11

    Over 40 total = 40 + 15 = 55; P(favor A | over 40) = 40/55 = 8/11.

  7. Numbers 1 through 10 are written on separate cards. Two cards are drawn at random without replacement. What is the probability that the first card shows an even number and the second shows an odd number?

    Answer: 25/90

    P = (5/10)(5/9) = 25/90 = 5/18.