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Probability and Conditional Probability Flashcards

7 cards from real Bluebook SAT Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Probability and Conditional Probability flashcards as text

  1. A random number is selected from 1 to 30. What is the probability that it is divisible by 4?

    Answer: 7/30

    Multiples of 4 in 1–30: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 — that's 7 numbers; P = 7/30.

  2. The table below shows 400 survey respondents by age group and whether they voted. Voted Did Not Vote Under 30 80 120 30 and over 160 40 What is the probability that a randomly chosen voter is under 30?

    Answer: 1/3

    Total voters = 80 + 160 = 240; P(under 30 | voted) = 80/240 = 1/3.

  3. P(A) = 0.45, P(B) = 0.30, and P(A and B) = 0.15. What is P(A or B)?

    Answer: 0.60

    P(A or B) = 0.45 + 0.30 − 0.15 = 0.60.

  4. A jar has 5 orange and 5 purple jellybeans. Three are drawn one at a time without replacement. What is the probability all three are orange?

    Answer: 1/12

    P = (5/10)(4/9)(3/8) = 60/720 = 1/12.

  5. In a school of 600 students, 360 take math and 240 take science. If 120 take both, what is the probability a randomly selected student takes exactly one of these subjects?

    Answer: 3/5

    Exactly one = (360 − 120) + (240 − 120) = 240 + 120 = 360; P = 360/600 = 3/5.

  6. A fair coin is flipped 4 times. What is the probability of getting exactly 3 heads?

    Answer: 1/4

    C(4,3)/2^4 = 4/16 = 1/4.

  7. The two-way table shows 500 consumers by income bracket and product preference. Product A Product B Low Income 150 100 High Income 100 150 Given a consumer prefers Product B, what is the probability they have a high income?

    Answer: 3/5

    Product B total = 100 + 150 = 250; P(high | B) = 150/250 = 3/5.