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One-Variable Data: Distributions and Measures of Center and Spread Flashcards

7 cards from real Bluebook SAT Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 One-Variable Data: Distributions and Measures of Center and Spread flashcards as text

  1. A dataset of 7 values has a mean of 12. If a new value of 12 is added to the dataset, what happens to the mean?

    Answer: The mean stays the same

    Adding a value equal to the mean does not change the mean, since it contributes proportionally to both the sum and the count.

  2. The dot plot shows the number of hours students studied: 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 8. Which measure of center best represents this dataset if the goal is to avoid distortion from the outlier?

    Answer: Median

    The median is resistant to outliers, so it better represents the center when an extreme value like 8 is present.

  3. Dataset A: {2, 4, 6, 8, 10} and Dataset B: {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}. Both datasets have the same mean. Which dataset has the greater standard deviation?

    Answer: Dataset A

    Dataset A's values are more spread out from the mean of 6, so it has a greater standard deviation than Dataset B.

  4. A box plot shows the following five-number summary: Min=10, Q1=20, Median=35, Q3=50, Max=80. What is the interquartile range (IQR)?

    Answer: 30

    The IQR equals Q3 minus Q1, which is 50 − 20 = 30.

  5. A class of 10 students scored: 70, 72, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 82, 84. What is the median score?

    Answer: 77

    With 10 values, the median is the average of the 5th and 6th values: (76 + 78) / 2 = 77.

  6. A histogram shows heights of plants. The distribution is strongly skewed right. Which statement about the mean and median is most likely true?

    Answer: Mean > Median

    In a right-skewed distribution, the mean is pulled toward the higher tail and is greater than the median.

  7. The ages of five employees are 24, 27, 29, 31, and 34. If a new employee aged 62 joins, what is the effect on the mean and median?

    Answer: The mean increases more than the median

    The mean is pulled substantially by the outlier (62), while the median only shifts slightly from 29 to 30.