Reading: Words in Context Flashcards

In the passage below, which word best replaces 'harbored' to maintain the same meaning? 'The scientist harbored doubts about the experimental results, questioning whether the methodology was sound enough to support such dramatic conclusions.'

Answer: entertained

In this context, 'harbored' means to hold or maintain thoughts or feelings. 'Entertained' is the only option that means to hold or consider thoughts or ideas, making it the correct replacement for maintaining the same meaning.

Based on context clues in the following sentence, what does 'paradigm' most likely mean? 'The discovery of DNA's structure represented a fundamental paradigm shift in biology, completely changing how scientists understood heredity and cellular function.'

Answer: a basic model or framework

'Paradigm' refers to a basic model, framework, or set of assumptions. The context clues 'fundamental,' 'shift,' and 'completely changing how scientists understood' indicate this is about a basic framework of understanding being altered.

In academic writing, which of the following words would be most appropriate to replace 'really good' in a formal analysis?

Answer: exceptionally effective

'Exceptionally effective' uses formal, precise language appropriate for academic writing. The other options are all informal or colloquial expressions that would be inappropriate in formal analysis.

What does the word 'requisite' mean in this sentence? 'Students must complete the requisite coursework before advancing to the next level of the program.'

Answer: required

'Requisite' means required or necessary. The context clue 'must complete' before 'advancing' indicates these courses are mandatory, not optional or merely recommended.

Which word could replace 'novel' in the following sentence without changing the meaning? 'The researcher's novel approach to treating the disease involved combining traditional methods with cutting-edge technology.'

Answer: innovative

In this context, 'novel' means new, original, or innovative. The phrase 'combining traditional methods with cutting-edge technology' supports this meaning, indicating a fresh, innovative approach.

Based on the context, what does 'ubiquitous' mean in this passage? 'Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society, appearing in virtually every setting from classrooms to boardrooms to family dinner tables.'

Answer: present everywhere

'Ubiquitous' means present everywhere or widespread. The context clue 'appearing in virtually every setting' directly supports this meaning, listing multiple diverse locations where smartphones are found.