Industrial Engineering Flashcards
7 cards from real BE/B Eng Bachelor of Engineering practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Industrial Engineering flashcards as text
In Six Sigma methodology, the DMAIC improvement cycle stands for:
Answer: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control
DMAIC is the structured Six Sigma improvement framework: Define the problem, Measure the current process, Analyze root causes, Improve the process, and Control the gains.
A process operating at Six Sigma quality level produces approximately how many defects per million opportunities (DPMO)?
Answer: 3.4
Six Sigma quality corresponds to 3.4 DPMO, based on a normal distribution shifted 1.5 sigma from the mean relative to specification limits.
The process capability index Cp is calculated using which formula?
Answer: (USL − LSL) / 6σ
Cp = (USL − LSL) / 6σ compares the width of the specification (tolerance) range to the natural spread of the process (6 standard deviations), regardless of process centering.
In statistical process control (SPC), a p-chart is used to monitor:
Answer: The proportion of nonconforming (defective) items in successive samples
The p-chart tracks the fraction or proportion of nonconforming items in samples over time to detect shifts in the process defect rate.
Acceptance sampling is a quality technique used primarily to:
Answer: Decide whether to accept or reject an entire lot based on inspection of a random sample
Acceptance sampling applies statistical decision rules to a random sample to accept or reject the entire lot, balancing inspection cost against the risk of accepting bad lots.
In a Pareto analysis applied to quality improvement, the '80-20 rule' implies that:
Answer: Approximately 20% of defect types (vital few) account for roughly 80% of quality failures
Pareto analysis identifies the vital few causes (≈20%) that are responsible for the majority (≈80%) of problems, enabling focused improvement efforts.
In Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), the Risk Priority Number (RPN) is calculated as:
Answer: Severity × Occurrence × Detection
RPN = Severity × Occurrence × Detection, where each factor is rated 1–10; higher RPN values indicate failure modes that require priority corrective action.