Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Flashcards
7 cards from real BCACP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Cardiovascular Risk Reduction flashcards as text
A patient taking rosuvastatin 40 mg develops muscle pain with a CK level 12 times the upper limit of normal. What is the most appropriate action?
Answer: Discontinue rosuvastatin immediately
CK >10x ULN with symptoms indicates myopathy requiring immediate statin discontinuation to prevent progression to rhabdomyolysis.
Which non-HDL cholesterol target is recommended for very high-risk cardiovascular patients per current guidelines?
Answer: <100 mg/dL
Non-HDL-C goal for very high-risk patients is <100 mg/dL, which corresponds to an LDL-C goal of <70 mg/dL plus 30 mg/dL.
A patient with ASCVD on maximum-tolerated statin therapy has LDL-C of 95 mg/dL. Which add-on therapy has outcomes data showing reduced CV events?
Answer: Ezetimibe
The IMPROVE-IT trial demonstrated that adding ezetimibe to statin therapy reduced major cardiovascular events in high-risk patients.
In the SPRINT trial, what systolic blood pressure target was associated with reduced cardiovascular events compared to standard control?
Answer: <120 mmHg
SPRINT showed that intensive SBP target of <120 mmHg reduced CV events and all-cause mortality compared to <140 mmHg in high-risk non-diabetic patients.
Which smoking cessation pharmacotherapy is CONTRAINDICATED in a patient with a history of seizure disorder?
Answer: Bupropion
Bupropion lowers the seizure threshold and is contraindicated in patients with seizure disorders or eating disorders.
A patient with type 2 diabetes and established CVD should preferentially receive which GLP-1 receptor agonist with proven CV mortality reduction?
Answer: Liraglutide
Liraglutide demonstrated significant reduction in CV death, nonfatal MI, and nonfatal stroke in the LEADER trial for T2D patients with CVD.
What is the mechanism by which PCSK9 inhibitors reduce LDL-C levels?
Answer: Prevent PCSK9 from degrading LDL receptors
PCSK9 inhibitors prevent PCSK9 from binding to and degrading LDL receptors, allowing more receptors to remain on hepatocytes to clear LDL-C.