Stimulus Control and Antecedent Interventions Flashcards

In forward chaining, the learner:

Answer: Is taught the first step of the chain independently while the trainer completes all remaining steps

In forward chaining, the learner is taught to complete only the first step independently while the trainer completes the rest; additional steps are added sequentially until the learner performs the entire chain.

Backward chaining differs from forward chaining primarily because:

Answer: The learner is taught the last step of the chain first, with the trainer completing preceding steps

In backward chaining, the trainer completes all steps except the last, which the learner masters first; the procedure then works backward, adding one preceding step at a time until the learner performs the entire chain.

Total task presentation (TTP) is distinguished from forward and backward chaining in that:

Answer: The learner attempts every step of the entire task chain during each training session, with prompts provided as needed

In TTP, the learner works through all steps of the task chain in every session with prompting provided for steps not yet mastered, making it efficient for learners who can acquire the full chain with minimal assistance.

Shaping involves delivering reinforcement for:

Answer: Successive approximations of a target behavior that progressively resemble the terminal goal

Shaping involves reinforcing responses that progressively approximate the terminal behavior, raising the criterion for reinforcement as the learner's behavior comes closer to the final goal.

Multiple exemplar training (MET) is used primarily to:

Answer: Promote stimulus and response generalization across untrained stimuli, responses, and settings

MET teaches a skill across diverse examples and contexts so that responding does not come under overly narrow stimulus control, thereby promoting generalization to untrained stimuli and settings.

Stimulus equivalence refers to:

Answer: The emergence of untrained stimulus-stimulus relations following conditional discrimination training

Stimulus equivalence describes the emergence of untrained relations (reflexivity, symmetry, transitivity) among stimuli after training conditional discriminations, so stimuli become functionally interchangeable without direct training of all relations.

Which antecedent strategy reduces problem behavior maintained by access to a specific reinforcer by pre-session delivery of that reinforcer?

Answer: Manipulation of an abolishing operation (AO) to decrease the value of the reinforcer

Manipulating an abolishing operation (AO)—such as providing pre-session access to the maintaining reinforcer—decreases that reinforcer's momentary value and reduces the probability of the problem behavior it maintains.