Pediatric Anesthesia Considerations Flashcards
7 cards from real BCA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pediatric Anesthesia Considerations flashcards as text
A 2-year-old child (12 kg) requires propofol induction. What is the appropriate IV induction dose?
Answer: 48 mg (4 mg/kg)
Young children require higher weight-based propofol doses (3–4 mg/kg) for induction compared to adults (1.5–2.5 mg/kg) due to larger volume of distribution.
Which pediatric syndrome is characterized by difficult intubation due to temporomandibular joint fusion and mandibular hypoplasia?
Answer: Goldenhar syndrome
Goldenhar syndrome (oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum) features hemifacial microsomia with mandibular hypoplasia and potential TMJ abnormalities causing difficult airway management.
What is the recommended IV dose of dantrolene for treatment of acute malignant hyperthermia?
Answer: 2.5 mg/kg bolus, repeat to max 10 mg/kg
Dantrolene is given as 2.5 mg/kg IV bolus and repeated every 5 minutes as needed up to 10 mg/kg until the crisis resolves.
In pediatric anesthesia, which scenario MOST warrants postponing elective surgery?
Answer: A 3-year-old with current lower respiratory tract infection and wheezing
Active lower respiratory tract infection with wheezing significantly increases the risk of bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and desaturation, warranting postponement of elective procedures.
What is the most appropriate initial management of laryngospasm in a spontaneously breathing child after extubation?
Answer: Jaw thrust and CPAP with 100% oxygen via tight-fitting mask
Jaw thrust combined with positive pressure and 100% oxygen relieves the functional obstruction in most cases of laryngospasm before escalating to pharmacologic intervention.
Which neonatal condition requires urgent surgical correction and is often associated with polyhydramnios on prenatal imaging?
Answer: Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula
Esophageal atresia with TEF causes inability to swallow amniotic fluid prenatally (polyhydramnios) and requires early surgical repair to prevent aspiration pneumonia.
A child with a known latex allergy presents for urologic surgery. Which of the following is the MOST important preparatory step?
Answer: Schedule as first case of the day in a latex-safe OR environment
Scheduling a latex-allergic patient as the first OR case minimizes aerosolized latex particle exposure from previous cases and allows thorough equipment preparation with latex-free supplies.