Cardiac Arrest Flashcards

Which mnemonic represents the reversible causes of cardiac arrest that rescuers should consider?

Answer: The Hs and Ts

The Hs and Ts is the BLS/ACLS mnemonic for 8 potentially reversible causes of cardiac arrest (e.g., Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Tension pneumothorax, Tamponade).

A bystander witnesses an adult collapse and confirms unresponsiveness. She has no phone. What should she do first?

Answer: Send a bystander to call 911 and get an AED, then begin CPR

Send someone to activate EMS and retrieve an AED while you immediately begin CPR without delay.

After a shock is delivered by an AED, what is the immediate next step?

Answer: Resume CPR beginning with chest compressions

Immediately after delivering a shock, resume CPR starting with chest compressions without checking the pulse first.

A pediatric patient (8-year-old) is in cardiac arrest. Which statement about CPR for this child is correct?

Answer: Use a 15:2 ratio when two healthcare providers are present

For children, two healthcare providers should use a 15:2 compression-to-ventilation ratio, unlike the 30:2 ratio for adults.

What is the primary purpose of CPR during cardiac arrest?

Answer: To maintain perfusion of the brain and vital organs

CPR maintains blood flow to the brain and vital organs, buying time until defibrillation or ROSC can restore effective cardiac function.

An AED is applied to a pulseless adult victim. The AED states 'No shock advised.' What should the rescuer do?

Answer: Begin CPR immediately starting with chest compressions

A 'No shock advised' message means the rhythm is non-shockable (PEA or asystole) — resume CPR immediately.

How deep should chest compressions be for an adult patient in cardiac arrest?

Answer: At least 2 inches (5 cm), not exceeding 2.4 inches (6 cm)

Adult chest compressions should be at least 2 inches (5 cm) deep but should not exceed 2.4 inches (6 cm) to avoid injury.