FREE BACE Cells Flashcards
6 cards from real BACE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 FREE BACE Cells flashcards as text
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a eukaryotic cell?
Answer: To receive proteins from the ER, modify, sort, and package them for delivery to their final destinations
The Golgi apparatus receives proteins and lipids from the ER, performs post-translational modifications (glycosylation), and sorts and packages them for secretion or delivery to lysosomes, plasma membrane, or other destinations.
What is the role of caspases in programmed cell death (apoptosis)?
Answer: Caspases are protease enzymes that execute the apoptosis program by cleaving specific cellular substrates
Caspases are cysteine proteases that are activated in a cascade during apoptosis, cleaving hundreds of cellular substrates to dismantle the cell in an orderly, controlled manner.
In a eukaryotic cell, where does translation occur after a signal sequence on the ribosome-bound nascent peptide is recognized?
Answer: The ribosome is directed to the rough endoplasmic reticulum where the peptide is co-translationally inserted into the ER lumen
Signal sequences on secretory and membrane proteins are recognized by the signal recognition particle (SRP), which targets the ribosome-mRNA complex to the rough ER for co-translational translocation.
What is the purpose of contact inhibition in normal (non-transformed) cell cultures?
Answer: To stop proliferation when cells make contact with neighboring cells preventing overgrowth beyond a monolayer
Contact inhibition is a normal growth control mechanism where cells stop proliferating when they make contact with neighboring cells, limiting growth to a single, confluent monolayer.
What is the function of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells?
Answer: To degrade cellular waste, foreign particles, damaged organelles, and macromolecules using acid hydrolases
Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles containing acid hydrolases (proteases, lipases, nucleases, glycosidases) that degrade macromolecules delivered by endocytosis or autophagy at acidic pH.
Why is cell density important to monitor during bioprocessing in a bioreactor?
Answer: Cell density directly affects product yield, metabolite accumulation, oxygen demand, and overall process efficiency
Cell density in bioreactors determines how much product is made, how quickly oxygen and nutrients are consumed, how quickly inhibitory metabolites accumulate, and when to feed or harvest.