B.S.W.E. Bachelor of Software Engineering Operating Systems & Systems Programming

Question 1

What is a process in the context of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

An instance of a program in execution with its own memory space

Answer

A set of CPU instructions stored on disk

Answer

A background service managed by the kernel

Answer

A hardware interrupt handler

Question 2

What is the main difference between a process and a thread?

Accepted Answer

Threads share the same memory space within a process; processes have separate memory spaces

Answer

Processes share memory; threads do not

Answer

Threads run on separate CPUs; processes run on a single CPU

Answer

Processes are faster to create than threads

Question 3

Which CPU scheduling algorithm selects the process with the shortest expected execution time next?

Accepted Answer

Shortest Job First (SJF)

Answer

First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)

Answer

Round Robin

Answer

Priority Scheduling

Question 4

What is a deadlock in operating systems?

Accepted Answer

A condition where two or more processes are blocked forever, each waiting for a resource held by the other

Answer

A situation where a process uses 100% CPU

Answer

A type of memory leak in kernel space

Answer

A scheduling policy that starves low-priority processes

Question 5

In operating systems, what does virtual memory allow?

Accepted Answer

Programs to use more memory than physically available by using disk storage as an extension of RAM

Answer

Running programs faster by bypassing the CPU cache

Answer

Encrypting memory contents for security

Answer

Sharing memory between different physical machines

Question 6

Which memory allocation issue occurs when free memory exists but is fragmented into small pieces too small to satisfy a request?

Accepted Answer

External fragmentation

Answer

Memory leak

Answer

Stack overflow

Answer

Internal fragmentation