Welding Techniques Flashcards
7 cards from real AWS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Welding Techniques flashcards as text
What is the purpose of a preheat in welding operations on medium and high-carbon steels?
Answer: To slow the cooling rate and reduce the risk of hydrogen cracking and hard heat-affected zones
Preheat slows the cooling rate of the weld and HAZ, reducing hardness, minimizing hydrogen-induced cracking, and preventing martensite formation in hardenable steels.
In GTAW (TIG welding), what is the function of the high-frequency (HF) start?
Answer: To initiate the arc without touching the tungsten to the workpiece, preventing contamination
High-frequency start ionizes the shielding gas to establish the arc without electrode contact, preventing tungsten contamination and maintaining a clean, sharp tungsten tip.
Which technique best prevents crater cracks at the end of a weld bead?
Answer: Using a runoff tab or backfilling the crater by pausing before breaking the arc
Crater cracks form when the weld pool solidifies without adequate fill; backfilling by pausing or using runoff tabs fills the crater and prevents shrinkage cracking.
What does the term 'interpass temperature' refer to in multi-pass welding?
Answer: The maximum or minimum weld metal temperature that must be maintained between weld passes
Interpass temperature is the temperature of the previously deposited weld pass that must be maintained before starting the next pass, controlling heat input and microstructure.
Which type of joint is most commonly used for butt welds on thin plate in sheet metal fabrication?
Answer: Square groove joint
Square groove joints require no beveling and are used for butt welds on thin plate where full penetration can be achieved without edge preparation.
What is the significance of the 'F-number' classification for filler metals in AWS D1.1?
Answer: It groups electrodes with similar usability characteristics to qualify welders using similar consumables
F-numbers group filler metals by usability characteristics so that a welder qualified with one filler metal is also qualified to use others in the same F-number group.
What is the main advantage of a J-groove joint compared to a V-groove joint?
Answer: J-groove joints reduce the amount of weld metal needed and distortion on thick material
J-groove joints have a curved root face that reduces the included angle and volume of weld metal required compared to a V-groove, reducing distortion and cost on thick plate.