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Material Selection & Properties Flashcards

7 cards from real AWS practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Material Selection & Properties flashcards as text

  1. What is the carbon equivalent (CE) formula used to assess weldability of structural steels?

    Answer: CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15

    The IIW carbon equivalent formula CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15 predicts hardenability and susceptibility to hydrogen-induced cracking.

  2. What is the primary advantage of using titanium in aerospace welded structures?

    Answer: High strength-to-weight ratio with excellent corrosion resistance

    Titanium offers an exceptional strength-to-weight ratio combined with outstanding corrosion resistance, making it ideal for aerospace structural applications.

  3. When welding ASTM A514 (T-1) high-strength steel, which practice is most critical?

    Answer: Maintaining low hydrogen levels with controlled preheat

    A514 is highly susceptible to hydrogen-induced cracking, requiring low-hydrogen electrodes, proper preheat, and controlled interpass temperatures.

  4. What characteristic distinguishes duplex stainless steel from standard austenitic grades?

    Answer: Has a two-phase microstructure of approximately equal ferrite and austenite

    Duplex stainless steel has a mixed microstructure of roughly 50% ferrite and 50% austenite, providing higher strength and better stress corrosion cracking resistance than austenitic grades.

  5. What is 'weld decay' in austenitic stainless steel?

    Answer: Intergranular corrosion in the HAZ due to chromium carbide precipitation

    Weld decay is intergranular corrosion that occurs in the HAZ of sensitized stainless steel where chromium has been depleted from grain boundaries by carbide precipitation.

  6. Which mechanical property test involves striking a notched specimen to measure energy absorbed before fracture?

    Answer: Charpy impact test

    The Charpy impact test measures the energy absorbed by a notched specimen when struck by a swinging pendulum, indicating toughness at various temperatures.

  7. What is the purpose of solution annealing austenitic stainless steel after welding?

    Answer: Dissolve chromium carbides and restore corrosion resistance

    Solution annealing heats the steel to 1010–1120°C and rapidly quenches it, dissolving chromium carbides and restoring uniform chromium distribution for full corrosion resistance.