Destructive & Non-Destructive Testing Flashcards

Which destructive test measures the force required to pull apart two welded pieces in opposite directions along the weld axis?

Answer: Tensile test

The tensile test applies axial pulling force to measure a weld's ultimate tensile strength and ductility.

In ultrasonic testing (UT), what does a high-amplitude signal returning earlier than expected typically indicate?

Answer: A surface crack near the transducer

An early, high-amplitude echo in UT indicates a reflector located close to the transducer, consistent with a near-surface discontinuity.

Which AWS standard governs the qualification of welding procedure specifications (WPS) for structural steel?

Answer: AWS D1.1

AWS D1.1, Structural Welding Code—Steel, sets the requirements for WPS qualification including required mechanical tests.

A fillet weld break test is performed primarily to evaluate which weld characteristic?

Answer: Internal soundness and fusion to the root

The fillet weld break (macro) test fractures the weld to reveal internal discontinuities such as lack of fusion, porosity, and cracks.

In liquid penetrant testing, what is the purpose of the developer?

Answer: To draw entrapped penetrant out of discontinuities for visibility

The developer acts as a blotting agent, drawing the penetrant out of open discontinuities to create a visible indication.

Which type of radiographic film density is typically required for acceptable weld radiographs per AWS standards?

Answer: 1.8 to 4.0

AWS D1.1 requires a minimum film density of 1.8 and a maximum of 4.0 for acceptable radiographic interpretation.

During a guided bend test, cracking that occurs in the heat-affected zone rather than the weld metal most likely indicates:

Answer: Hydrogen-induced cracking or HAZ embrittlement

HAZ cracking during bend testing typically signals hydrogen cracking or excessive HAZ hardness due to rapid cooling or high-carbon-equivalent base metal.