ATC Therapeutic Modalities

Question 1

What is the primary thermal effect of continuous therapeutic ultrasound at 1 MHz?

Accepted Answer

Deep tissue heating (up to 5 cm)

Answer

Decreased tissue extensibility

Answer

Superficial tissue heating (1-2 cm)

Answer

Increased inflammatory response

Question 2

Which cryotherapy application is MOST appropriate during the acute phase of a muscle strain?

Accepted Answer

Ice massage

Answer

Contrast bath

Answer

Moist heat pack

Answer

Paraffin bath

Question 3

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) primarily reduces pain through which mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Gate control theory and endorphin release

Answer

Direct muscle contraction

Answer

Increased blood flow to damaged tissue

Answer

Collagen remodeling

Question 4

When applying therapeutic ultrasound, what does the spatial average temporal average (SATA) intensity reflect?

Accepted Answer

The average power output over time and transducer area

Answer

The depth of penetration into tissue

Answer

The frequency of the ultrasound waves

Answer

The maximum temperature achieved in tissue

Question 5

A 3 MHz ultrasound frequency is MOST appropriate for treating which tissue depth?

Accepted Answer

Superficial tissues (1-2 cm)

Answer

Deep muscles (4-5 cm)

Answer

Large joints such as the hip

Answer

Bone surfaces only

Question 6

Iontophoresis uses electrical current to drive which type of substance transdermally?

Accepted Answer

Ionized medications

Answer

Oxygen molecules

Answer

Collagen proteins

Answer

Neutral saline solution

Question 7

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for the use of electrical stimulation?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac pacemaker

Answer

Chronic pain management

Answer

Muscle atrophy

Answer

Peripheral edema