ASVAB General Science Practice Test 1 3

Question 1

What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Physical changes alter matter's form without changing its chemical composition; chemical changes produce new substances

Answer

Physical changes require heat; chemical changes require light

Answer

Physical changes are reversible; chemical changes always produce gases

Answer

Physical changes affect only liquids; chemical changes affect only solids

Question 2

What is the function of the mitochondria in a cell?

Accepted Answer

Produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through cellular respiration

Answer

Store genetic information and control cell division

Answer

Produce proteins from amino acids via ribosomes

Answer

Regulate what enters and exits the cell

Question 3

Which of the following best describes Newton's Third Law of Motion?

Accepted Answer

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Answer

An object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Answer

Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma)

Answer

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to mass

Question 4

What is the pH scale, and what pH value indicates a neutral solution?

Accepted Answer

pH measures acidity/basicity on a scale of 0-14; pH 7 is neutral

Answer

pH measures temperature; pH 50 is neutral

Answer

pH measures electrical conductivity; pH 1 is neutral

Answer

pH measures concentration of molecules; pH 10 is neutral

Question 5

What is the primary role of the ozone layer in Earth's atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Absorb most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation

Answer

Trap heat to maintain Earth's surface temperature

Answer

Produce oxygen through photosynthesis

Answer

Regulate carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere

Question 6

Which type of rock forms when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and solidifies?

Accepted Answer

Igneous rock

Answer

Sedimentary rock

Answer

Metamorphic rock

Answer

Limestone