Research Methods and Statistics Flashcards
6 cards from real APA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Research Methods and Statistics flashcards as text
What is a Type I error in hypothesis testing?
Answer: Rejecting a true null hypothesis
A Type I error (false positive) occurs when a researcher rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true, with probability equal to alpha.
Which APA ethical principle requires psychologists to be honest and non-deceptive in their work?
Answer: Integrity
APA's ethical principle of Integrity calls for honesty, accuracy, and avoidance of fraud, deception, or misrepresentation in professional work.
What does 'statistical power' measure in a research study?
Answer: The probability of detecting a true effect when it exists
Statistical power is the probability that a study will correctly reject a false null hypothesis, i.e., detect a real effect when one exists.
In APA's CONSORT-style reporting, what information must accompany a reported effect size?
Answer: Confidence interval
APA recommends reporting effect sizes alongside confidence intervals to convey both the magnitude and precision of the estimate.
Which of the following best describes a meta-analysis?
Answer: A statistical synthesis of results from multiple independent studies
A meta-analysis statistically combines effect sizes from multiple studies on the same topic to estimate an overall effect and examine variability across studies.
What is 'debriefing' as described in APA ethical guidelines?
Answer: Explaining the study's true purpose and correcting misconceptions after participation
Debriefing is a post-study procedure where researchers explain the study's actual purpose, correct any deception used, and address participant concerns.