Developmental Psychology Flashcards
6 cards from real APA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Developmental Psychology flashcards as text
According to Piaget, during which stage do children first develop object permanence?
Answer: Sensorimotor
Object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to exist when out of sight — develops during the sensorimotor stage (birth–2 years).
Erikson's stage of 'Trust vs. Mistrust' occurs during which period?
Answer: Infancy (birth–18 months)
Trust vs. Mistrust is Erikson's first psychosocial stage, occurring in infancy, where consistent caregiving fosters basic trust.
What does Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) describe?
Answer: The range between what a child can do alone and with guidance
The ZPD is the gap between a learner's current independent capability and what they can achieve with scaffolding from a more knowledgeable other.
Which attachment style, identified by Ainsworth, is characterized by distress at separation and resistance to comfort upon reunion?
Answer: Anxious-ambivalent (resistant) attachment
Anxious-ambivalent (resistant) infants are highly distressed when separated and then both seek and resist comfort from the caregiver upon reunion.
According to Kohlberg, at the conventional level of moral reasoning, decisions are guided by:
Answer: Social rules and others' approval
At Kohlberg's conventional level, moral reasoning centers on maintaining social order, following rules, and seeking approval from others.
Which term describes the process by which children incorporate new information into existing cognitive schemas?
Answer: Assimilation
Assimilation is Piaget's term for fitting new experiences into existing schemas without altering those schemas.