Human Geography: Political Patterns & Processes Flashcards

A landlocked country surrounded entirely by one other state, like Lesotho within South Africa, is best described as what type of state?

Answer: Enclave

An enclave is a state or part of a state entirely surrounded by the territory of another state.

The Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 is most significant for which political-geographic outcome?

Answer: Drawing superimposed boundaries across Africa

European powers drew superimposed colonial boundaries across Africa with little regard for existing ethnic or cultural groups.

A boundary that follows a clearly visible physical feature such as a river or mountain range is classified as which type?

Answer: Physical (natural) boundary

A physical or natural boundary follows features of the natural landscape like rivers, ridges, or coastlines.

UNCLOS grants a coastal state economic rights over resources extending how far from its baseline as an Exclusive Economic Zone?

Answer: 200 nautical miles

The Exclusive Economic Zone extends 200 nautical miles from the baseline under UNCLOS.

When a national government grants some powers to subnational units like provinces while retaining ultimate authority, this process is called what?

Answer: Devolution

Devolution is the transfer of certain powers from the central government to subnational regions.

The redrawing of U.S. congressional district boundaries to favor one political party is known as what?

Answer: Gerrymandering

Gerrymandering manipulates district boundaries to advantage a particular party or group.

A long, narrow extension of state territory, such as the Caprivi Strip of Namibia, is termed a what?

Answer: Prorupted shape

A prorupted state has a compact core with a long extension or panhandle of territory.