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Descriptive Statistics Flashcards

7 cards from real AP practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. A scatterplot shows points tightly clustered around a line with negative slope. The correlation coefficient r is closest to:

    Answer: -0.95

    A strong negative linear relationship corresponds to r near -1.

  2. The variance of a dataset is 49. What is the standard deviation?

    Answer: 7

    Standard deviation is the square root of the variance: √49 = 7.

  3. Which of the following best describes a cumulative relative frequency plot (ogive)?

    Answer: It shows the proportion of data at or below each value

    An ogive plots cumulative relative frequency against data values, showing what proportion lies at or below each point.

  4. A dataset has mean 80 and standard deviation 5. Using the Empirical Rule, approximately what percent of data falls between 70 and 90?

    Answer: 95%

    70 and 90 are each 2 standard deviations from the mean, so ~95% of data falls in this interval.

  5. What is the primary purpose of standardizing a data value (converting to a z-score)?

    Answer: To compare values from distributions with different means and standard deviations

    Z-scores express values in units of standard deviation, enabling fair comparison across different scales.

  6. In a stemplot, the stem '4' with leaves '1 3 7' represents the values:

    Answer: 41, 43, 47

    Each leaf is appended to its stem: 4|1 = 41, 4|3 = 43, 4|7 = 47.

  7. Which measure of center is most appropriate for describing a strongly skewed dataset?

    Answer: Median

    The median is resistant to extreme values and better represents the center of a skewed distribution.