AP-Micro Microbiology: Microbial Genetics 2

Question 1

Which type of RNA serves as the template for reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Answer

tRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

snRNA

Question 2

In bacterial conjugation, the F factor can integrate into the host chromosome, forming what type of cell?

Accepted Answer

Hfr cell

Answer

F' cell

Answer

R cell

Answer

Prototrophic cell

Question 3

A frameshift mutation is most likely caused by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Insertion of two nucleotides

Answer

A single nucleotide substitution

Answer

A nonsense mutation

Answer

UV-induced thymine dimer formation

Question 4

Which enzyme is responsible for removing RNA primers during DNA replication in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase I

Answer

DNA polymerase III

Answer

Primase

Answer

Ligase

Question 5

In Lederberg and Tatum's experiment demonstrating bacterial recombination, auxotrophic strains were used. What is an auxotroph?

Accepted Answer

An organism that requires an external supply of a specific nutrient

Answer

An organism that can synthesize all required nutrients

Answer

A bacterium capable of conjugation

Answer

A bacterium resistant to all antibiotics

Question 6

The SOS response in bacteria is triggered by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of single-stranded DNA from replication blocks

Answer

High temperatures

Answer

Nutrient deprivation

Answer

Oxygen depletion

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a missense mutation?

Accepted Answer

A codon changes to specify a different amino acid

Answer

A codon changes to a stop codon

Answer

One or more bases are deleted

Answer

A codon becomes silent