Phlebotomy and Blood Collection Flashcards

What does hemolysis of a blood sample indicate?

Answer: Red blood cells have ruptured, releasing their contents into the plasma

Hemolysis occurs when red blood cells rupture and release hemoglobin into the plasma, which interferes with many laboratory assays.

A hematoma begins to form at the venipuncture site during blood collection. What is the FIRST action to take?

Answer: Remove the needle immediately and apply direct pressure

The needle must be removed immediately and firm pressure applied to prevent further blood from leaking into the surrounding tissue.

Which tube color is associated with EDTA as an additive and is used for hematology testing such as CBC?

Answer: Lavender/Purple

Lavender or purple-top tubes contain EDTA, an anticoagulant that preserves cell morphology for complete blood count (CBC) testing.

At what angle should a venipuncture needle be inserted to enter the vein correctly?

Answer: 15–30 degrees

A 15–30 degree angle with the bevel up allows the needle to enter the vein smoothly without penetrating the posterior wall.

What blood collection method is the standard of care for infants and newborns?

Answer: Capillary (heel stick) puncture

The heel stick (capillary puncture) is the safest, least traumatic method for collecting blood from newborns and infants.

What does "bevel up" mean when referring to needle insertion during venipuncture?

Answer: The slanted opening of the needle is facing upward toward the skin surface

Bevel up means the slanted opening at the needle tip faces upward, which facilitates smoother penetration into the vein.

Which of the following actions can CAUSE hemolysis during blood collection?

Answer: Vigorously shaking the collection tube after filling

Vigorously shaking the tube causes mechanical disruption of red blood cells, resulting in hemolysis and potentially invalidating test results.