Infection Prevention Flashcards

Which type of isolation precaution requires the use of an N95 respirator?

Answer: Airborne precautions

Airborne precautions require an N95 or higher respirator because pathogens like tuberculosis and measles travel on small particles that remain suspended in the air.

A patient is admitted with a draining wound. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is required when changing the dressing?

Answer: Gloves and gown

Gloves and a gown are required when handling draining wounds to prevent contact transmission of pathogens to skin and clothing.

What is the correct order for donning PPE?

Answer: Gown, mask, eye protection, gloves

The correct donning order is gown first, then mask or respirator, then eye protection, and finally gloves to maintain a contamination-free sequence.

Which of the following best describes a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)?

Answer: An infection that develops 48 hours or more after hospital admission

A healthcare-associated infection is one that develops 48 hours or more after hospital admission and was not present or incubating at the time of admission.

What is the primary purpose of cleaning a surface before disinfection?

Answer: To remove organic matter that can inactivate disinfectants

Cleaning removes organic matter such as blood and body fluids that can physically protect pathogens and chemically inactivate disinfectant agents.

A healthcare worker sustains a needlestick injury from a patient with unknown HIV status. What is the FIRST action to take?

Answer: Wash the site thoroughly with soap and water

The first action following a needlestick injury is to immediately wash the wound with soap and water to reduce the risk of pathogen transmission.

Which organism is the most common cause of healthcare-associated urinary tract infections?

Answer: Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli is the most common causative organism of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in healthcare settings.