Biomechanics & Body Movement Analysis Flashcards
7 cards from real AK practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Biomechanics & Body Movement Analysis flashcards as text
Which type of muscle contraction produces force while the muscle lengthens?
Answer: Eccentric
Eccentric contraction occurs when external force exceeds muscle tension, causing the muscle to lengthen while still producing force, such as the quadriceps controlling knee flexion during stair descent.
In a patient with lumbar hyperlordosis, which combination of muscle imbalances is most commonly observed according to Janda's lower crossed syndrome?
Answer: Tight hip flexors and erector spinae; weak abdominals and gluteus maximus
Janda's lower crossed syndrome describes tight hip flexors (iliopsoas) and lumbar extensors crossed with inhibited abdominals and gluteus maximus, perpetuating anterior pelvic tilt.
Which motion occurs at the subtalar joint during the loading response phase of gait that allows the foot to absorb ground reaction forces?
Answer: Pronation (eversion, abduction, dorsiflexion)
Controlled pronation at the subtalar joint unlocks the midfoot, allowing it to act as a flexible shock absorber during the loading response after initial contact.
What is the function of the 'Q-angle' measurement in lower extremity biomechanical analysis?
Answer: It quantifies the valgus vector on the patella created by the quadriceps pull relative to the patellar tendon
The Q-angle is drawn from the ASIS through the patella and from the patella to the tibial tubercle; a larger Q-angle increases lateral patellar tracking stress.
Which of the following best describes 'synergistic dominance' as used in applied kinesiology and functional movement analysis?
Answer: A synergist muscle overworks to compensate for inhibition of the prime mover
Synergistic dominance occurs when a prime mover is neurologically inhibited and a secondary synergist takes over its role, often leading to inefficient movement and injury risk.
During normal cervical rotation, which articulation provides the greatest contribution (approximately 50%) to total rotation range?
Answer: C1-C2 (atlanto-axial)
The atlanto-axial joint (C1-C2) accounts for roughly 50% of total cervical rotation due to the pivot joint formed by the dens of the axis and the anterior arch of the atlas.
A practitioner notices that a patient's shoulder rises toward the ear when the arm is tested in abduction. According to AK movement analysis, this compensation most likely indicates:
Answer: Upper trapezius dominance compensating for weak serratus anterior or lower trapezius
Shoulder elevation during arm abduction suggests the upper trapezius is substituting for underperforming scapular upward rotators (serratus anterior and lower trapezius), a classic scapular dyskinesis pattern.