Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Flashcards
6 cards from real Agricultural/Bioengineering practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Irrigation and Drainage Engineering flashcards as text
Saline soils are reclaimed primarily by:
Answer: Applying large amounts of water to leach salts below the root zone
Salt reclamation requires leaching with excess irrigation water to dissolve and flush soluble salts below the crop root zone, typically with improved drainage.
The Hooghoudt equation is used in subsurface drainage design to determine:
Answer: Drain spacing for a given water table depth
The Hooghoudt equation calculates the spacing between parallel subsurface drains required to maintain a target water table depth for a given soil hydraulic conductivity.
An irrigation scheduling method that triggers irrigation when soil moisture reaches the management allowed depletion (MAD) level prevents:
Answer: Plant water stress and yield loss
MAD-based scheduling irrigates before soil moisture drops to the point of plant stress, maintaining yield potential without over-irrigating.
Distribution uniformity (DU) in irrigation systems measures:
Answer: How evenly water is applied across the irrigated area
Distribution uniformity quantifies how consistently water is applied across a field, with higher DU values indicating more uniform application and less waste.
Open ditch drainage differs from tile drainage in that open ditches:
Answer: Are surface channels that also intercept overland flow and remove standing water
Open ditches are surface channels that remove both surface water and shallow groundwater, while also serving as outlets for subsurface tile drainage systems.
The crop coefficient (Kc) used in irrigation planning adjusts reference ET to account for:
Answer: Differences in growth stage, canopy cover, and crop species
The crop coefficient (Kc) converts reference ET to crop-specific ET by accounting for differences in canopy, stomatal resistance, and crop growth stage.