AGD Dental Pharmacology

Question 1

Which local anesthetic has the longest duration of pulpal anesthesia due to its high lipid solubility and protein binding?

Accepted Answer

Bupivacaine

Answer

Lidocaine

Answer

Mepivacaine

Answer

Prilocaine

Question 2

Articaine is structurally unique among amide local anesthetics because it contains:

Accepted Answer

A thiophene ring instead of a benzene ring

Answer

An ester linkage in addition to the amide bond

Answer

A piperidine ring structure

Answer

A methoxy-substituted benzene ring

Question 3

The maximum recommended dose of epinephrine for a patient with significant cardiovascular disease is:

Accepted Answer

0.04 mg

Answer

0.2 mg

Answer

0.1 mg

Answer

0.01 mg

Question 4

Which local anesthetic is most associated with methemoglobinemia when used in high doses?

Accepted Answer

Prilocaine

Answer

Lidocaine

Answer

Articaine

Answer

Bupivacaine

Question 5

Local anesthetics primarily prevent nerve impulse conduction by:

Accepted Answer

Blocking voltage-gated sodium channels

Answer

Blocking voltage-gated potassium channels

Answer

Opening chloride ion channels

Answer

Inhibiting acetylcholine release at the synapse

Question 6

Sodium bisulfite is added to local anesthetic cartridges that contain epinephrine in order to:

Accepted Answer

Preserve epinephrine by preventing its oxidation

Answer

Lower the pH to improve anesthetic efficacy

Answer

Prevent bacterial contamination

Answer

Extend the shelf life of the amide anesthetic itself

Question 7

Epinephrine in local anesthetic solutions acts on which receptors to produce vasoconstriction at the injection site?

Accepted Answer

Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

Answer

Beta-2 adrenergic receptors only

Answer

Muscarinic receptors

Answer

Dopaminergic D1 receptors